MITOPHAGY AND LONGEVITY
NRF2 - THE ROLE IN MITOPHAGY AND LONGEVITY Nrf2 is a latent protein in the cell, which upon activation, regulates the activation of genes which produce antioxidant proteins for cellular protection, reduction of inflammation and reduction of mitochondrial toxins (via glutathione induction).
REFERENCES:
(1) Palikaras K, et al. Mitophagy: In sickness and in health. Mol Cell Oncol. 2015 Jun.
(2) Palikaras K, et al. Coupling mitogenesis and mitophagy for longevity. Autophagy. 2015.
(3) LaPierre L, et al. Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of autophagy in aging. Autophagy. 2015 Jun
(4) Greco T, et al. Sulforaphane Inhibits Mitochondrial Permeability Transition and Oxidative Stress. Free Radic Biol Med, 2012 Dec
(5) Holstrom Kira, et al. The multifaceted role of Nrf2 in mitochondrial function. Curr Opin Toxicol. 2016 Dec
(6) Wang K, et al. Redox homeostasis: the linchpin in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Cell Death Dis. 2013 Mar
(7) Russo M, et al. Nrf2 targeting by sulforaphane: a potential therapy for cancer treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016 Dec
(8) O'Mealey GB, et al. Sulforaphane is a Nrf2-independent inhibitor of mitochondrial fission. Redox Biol. 2016 Nov
Aging is suppressed through the ability of the body to regenerate more youthful cells and tissues. Extreme longevity is closely coupled to the ability of the body to replace aging cells, which lead to disease and aging, with youthful healthy cells. The capacity to regenerate cells depends on the ability of the body to maintain a healthy functioning pool of stem cells. Stem cells are the precursor cells which generate new replacement cells. For example, neural stem cells (NSC) can rejuvenate the brain by creating new brain cells.
However, aging stem cells progressively lose the ability to generate replacement cells. More precisely, aging stem cells lose the ability to segregate damaged molecules during cellular replication, thereby diminishing the ability of stem cells to proliferate into new replacement cells. Sulforaphane has been shown to partially reverse detrimental cellular changes in stem cells, which may be able to restore stem cell function and cellular rejuvenation.
In addition to extreme longevity, healthy stem cells may also support stem cell therapy, which depends on the proliferation ability of stem cells to heal damaged tissue.
XGEVITY (Sulforaphane precursor Glucoraphanin)
AIR VITALITY (Sulforaphane precursor Glucoraphanin)
REFERENCES:
(1) Mendelsohn AR, et al. Aging Stem Cells Lose the Capability to Distribute Damaged Proteins Asymmetrically. Rejuvenation Res. 2015 Dec