In the field of anti-aging, the flavonoid fisetin is emerging as a potent longevity compound. Fisetin affects the aging process in experimental animals through multiple pathways, including senolytics (removing senescent cells)m SIRT1 activation, calorie restriction mimic and homeostasis.
SENOLYTICS
Senolytics- the rejuvenation of the cellular environment, by eliminating senescent cells. Aging is characterized by the accumulation of senescent cells. These are cells which are irreversibly unable to grow and function and are resistant to normal cellular clearance. Senescent cells not only interfere with normal tissue functioning, but may also be toxic to neighboring cells. Fisetin, has been shown to be a potent senolytic, with the ability to eliminate senescent cells. (1)
REDOX HOMEOSTASIS / IONIC HOMEOSTASIS
SIRTUIN ACTIVATION (SIRT1)
PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS (Induction)
NRF2 ACTIVATION
PROTEOSTASIS - ABNORMAL PROTEIN ACCUMULATION / AUTOPHAGY
CURCUMIN PXC (contains Fisetin)
REFERENCES:
(1) Glossmann HH, et al, Metformin and Aging: A Review. Gerontology. 2019. Sept.
(2) Kirkland JL, et al. Cellular Scenescence. A Translational Perspective. EBioMedicine, 2017
(3) van Deursen JM. The role of Scenescent Cells in Ageing. Nature 2014.
(4) Yousefzadeh MJ, et al. Fisetin is a senotherapeutic that extends health and lifespan. EBioMedicine, 2018
(5) Singh S, et al. Fisetin, a potential calorie restriction mimetic, attenuates senescence biomarkers in rat erythrocytes. Biochem Cell Biol. 2019 Aug
(6) Singh S, et al. Fisetin, a potential calorie restriction mimetic,modulates ionic homeostasis in senescence induced and naturally aged rats. Biochem Cell Biol. 2019 Sept.
(7) Shin-Hae Lee, et al. Sirtuin signaling in cellular senescence and aging. BMB Rep. 2019 Jan
(8) Chen T, et al. Rapamycin and other longevity-promoting compounds enhance the generation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells. Aging Cell. 2011.
(9) Bai, et al. Small Molecules as SIRT Modulators. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2018.
(10) Zhang H, et al. Nrf2⁻ARE Signaling Acts as Master Pathway for the Cellular Antioxidant Activity of Fisetin. Molecules. 2019 Feb.
(10) Zheng W, et al. Fisetin inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes through activating SIRT1 and attenuates the progression of osteoarthritis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2017 Apr
(11) Simunkova M, et al. Management of oxidative stress and other pathologies in Alzheimer's disease. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Aug
(12) Sunhyo K, et al. Fisetin stimulates autophagic degradation of phosphorylated tau via the activation of TFEB and Nrf2 transcription factors Sci Rep. 2016.
New research validates earlier studies that curcumin may play an effective role in improving memory function in amyloid affected brain function. Using a rodent model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), curcumin was shown to reduce levels of amyloid (a characteristic of Alzheimer's Disease) and ameliorate memory deficits. Chronic administration of curcumin improved cognitive functioning through the removal of amyloid and improved functioning of the memory center of the brain (the hippocampus). Curcumin affected two processes in the hippocampus related to memory formation: increasing the protein BDNF (brain derived neurotropic factor) and increasing ERK activation. ERK is an essential process involved with hippocampus learning.
REFERENCES:
(1) Zhang L, et al. Curcumin Improves Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) Induced Spatial Memory Deficits through BDNF-ERK Signaling Pathway. PLoS One. 2015 Jun.